Umlawuli ukufundisa ukuba umelane ngokulula nokuvuza kweivelufa elawulayokwiyunithi yokucoca ioli
Inkcazo: Ukukhethwa kwevalve elawulayo ngumsebenzi ocokisekileyo, hayi nje ukuba nolwazi oluluqilima lobuchwephesha lwethiyori, kodwa ube namava atyebileyo okusebenza.
Ukukhethwa okulungileyo akuncedi kuphela ukulungelelanisa iiparitha ze-PID zolawulo lwe-loop setting, ukwenzela ukuba iiparitha ezilungisiweyo zifumana umphumo ongcono wokulawula, kodwa kwakhona wenze ubomi benkonzo ye-valve yanda.
Eli phepha lazisa ngokufutshane indlela yokwakheka kunye nokukhetha yokulawula ivalve. Amagama angundoqo: ulawulo lolwahlulo lolwahlulo lwevalve Ulawulo lwesixhobo olufundisayo lula ukumelana neyunithi yokucoca ioyile elawula ukuvuza kwevalve.
Intshayelelo: Ivalve elawulayo yinxalenye eyimfuneko yesixhobo sokucoca i-petrochemical, ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zevalve, inani elikhulu, imveliso yekhemikhali iphakathi iyonakalisa, inetyhefu okanye iyatsha kwaye iyaqhushumba, xa ilawula ukuvuza kwevalve, ayizukubangela nje inkunkuma enkulu yezinto ezikrwada. , amandla kunye neemveliso, kodwa kwakhona kubangele impembelelo embi kokusingqongileyo, kwaye nokuba kubangele iingozi ezinzulu zokhuseleko. Ke ngoko, sathetha ngokuvuza kwevalve yokulawula kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-petrochemical.
1. Uhlalutyo lwesizathu sokuvuza kwevalve yokulawula
Ngokuqhelekileyo, kukho iindlela ezimbini zokulungelelanisa ukuvuza kwevalve, oko kukuthi ukuvuza kwangaphandle kunye nokuvuza kwangaphakathi. Kulo mxholo ulandelayo, umbhali wenza uhlalutyo olunzulu lwezizathu zokuvuza kwangaphandle kunye nokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwe-valve yokulawula.
Uhlalutyo lwesizathu se-01 yokulawula ivalve ngaphandle kokuvuza
Unobangela wokuvuza komzimba wevalve: umzimba wevalve uhlala uphoswa, kulula ukwenza imingxuma yesanti kunye nezinye iziphene zokuphosa, imingxuma yesanti kumzimba wevalvu iya kukhokelela ekuvuzeni okuphakathi, ukuvuza kubonakaliswa ngokubanzi njengokuvuza, ukuhamba encinci, ngovavanyo lwe-hydraulic inokufumaneka.
Izizathu zokuvuza kwesikhondo sevalve: Uyilo olungafanelekanga kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kwesikhondo sevalve kuya kubangela ukuba isikhondo sevalve sibambeke kwindawo ethile, ukuze ivalve ingavaleki okanye ivalwe ngokukhululekileyo, okukhokelela ekuvuzeni okuphakathi.
Isizathu sokuvuza koqhagamshelo lomzimba wevalvu: sihlala sisithi ukutywinwa kwenxalenye yoqhagamshelo lomzimba wevalvu ibhekisa kuqhagamshelo kunye nokutywinwa phakathi komzimba wevalve kunye nesigqubuthelo sevalvu. Ngesiqhelo, imo yokutywina phakathi komzimba wevalve kunye nesigqubuthelo sevalve kukutywinwa koqhagamshelo lweflange; Nangona kunjalo, xa i-diameter yegama levalve elawulayo incinci ngokwentelekiso, kuyimfuneko ukwamkela indlela yokutywinwa yoqhagamshelo olunentambo. Kule ndlela zimbini zokutywinwa, ukuba uhlobo lwe-gasket alunangqiqo, umgangatho wezinto eziphathekayo awukho kumgangatho, ubungakanani bezinto eziphathekayo abuhambisani neemfuno zokutywinwa, kunye nomgangatho wokulungiswa kwendawo yokutywinwa kwe-flange imbi. , ukunyanzeliswa koxhulumaniso lwentambo kunye nokuqina kwebholiti ayanele, kwaye ezinye izizathu zinokubangela ukuba i-oyile kunye negesi yokuvuza i-phenomenon kwindawo yokudibanisa ye-valve body.
02 Uhlalutyo lwesizathu sokuvuza kwangaphakathi kocango lwevalvu yokulawula
Isizathu sokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalve elawulayo kukuba ivalve yokulawula ayivalwanga ngokuqinileyo, eyenzeka ngokubanzi kwindawo yokutywina yesihlalo. Izizathu ezithile zokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalve elawulayo zezi zilandelayo: Kukho iingxaki ezithile kuyilo lwesakhiwo sevalve elawulayo kunye nokuveliswa kwevalve kunye nobuchwepheshe bokwakha, njengobungakanani becandelo kwisakhiwo sevalve xa kukho. yimpazamo ethile, kwaye impazamo idlula uluhlu oluvumelekileyo lwenkqubo yokuvelisa, ekhokelela ekutywinweni kwevalve elawulayo ayiqinanga, okukhokelela ekuhambeni okuncinci kwendawo ephakathi kwisixhobo esiqhubekayo sokuvuza.
Ukongeza kwiimpazamo kunye neengxaki kuyilo kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa i-valve, izizathu zokuvuza kwangaphakathi komnyango wevalve elawulayo zikwabandakanya ukuguqulwa kwendawo yokutywina yesihlalo sevalve, ukutywinwa kwevalve akungqongqo, okukhokelela ekubeni ingxaki yokuvuza okuphakathi kweyunithi yokucokisa. Ingxaki yokuvuza okuphakathi okubangelwa kukudityaniswa kwendawo yokutywina yesitulo sevalvu ibonakaliswa ikakhulu njengokuvuza. Ukongeza, ukuba iyunithi yokucoca i-oyile ilayishwe ngexabiso elincinci lokungcola okuqinileyo phakathi, inokubangela ukuba ivalve elawulayo ivale ngokukhululekileyo, okukhokelela ekuvuzeni kwevalve elawulayo, kunye nengxaki yokuvuza okubangelwa bubumdaka obuqinileyo. equlethwe phakathi, ifom yokuvuza nayo ivuza, kodwa ukukhutshwa kokuhamba kunokuba kuncinci, kunokuba kuninzi ukuhamba.
Eyesibini, ukuthintela ukuchasana nokuvuza kwevalve yolawulo
Lungiselela ukhetho loyilo lwevalvu
Umthetho-siseko wolawulo nothintelo lokulawula ukuvuza kwevalvu kukuthatha uthotho lwamanyathelo asebenzayo ukunciphisa iqondo lokuvuza kwevalvu elawulayo kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye kuncitshiswe kusezantsi ngokwentelekiso, ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo elungileyo benjongo. Ukucuthwa kunye nokucuthwa kokuvuza okuphakathi kwevalve elawulayo, ukwandiswa kobomi benkonzo yesixhobo sokucoca, ukuphuculwa kwesantya sokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo sokucoca, ubukhulu becala kuxhomekeke kuyilo olufanelekileyo kunye nokukhethwa kwesixhobo sokucoca. ivelufa elawulayo, umgangatho womgangatho wevalve yemveliso, umgangatho obalaseleyo wofakelo lwevalve kunye nobuchwepheshe bokwakha kunye nokhetho oluchanekileyo lwefomu yesivalo sevalve. Ngamafutshane, ukuba sifuna ukusombulula nokulawula ingxaki yokuvuza kwevalve yokulawula, kufuneka siqale siqwalasele ukulungiswa koyilo kunye nokukhethwa kwevalve yokulawula.
Ukulungiswa koyilo lwevalvu yokulawula kunye nokukhetha kubandakanya ukukhethwa kwefomu yevalve elawulayo, uyilo kunye nokuveliswa kwevalve elawulayo ngokwayo, kunye nokukhetha imathiriyeli yevalvu yokulawula. Xa ukhetha ifom ye-valve yokulawula, kufuneka ilungiswe ukusuka kwi-Angle yeemfuno zeemeko zenkqubo kunye neenkcukacha zoyilo. Ukusetyenziswa kwevalve elawulayo, ubushushu obuphakathi, uxinzelelo, izinga lokuqukuqela, ukuhla koxinzelelo kunye nokubola kwendawo ephakathi, zonke zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukhetho lwevalve elawulayo, kodwa nangokuhambelana nobushushu kunye nokubola kwendawo ephakathi, khetha izinto ezisetyenziswa ekulawuleni ukuvelisa. ivalve. Ngokutsho kolwakhiwo kunye namava okusebenza ngokwenene, ngaphezu kokuhlangabezana neemfuno zenkqubo efanelekileyo kunye neenkcukacha zoyilo, ukukhethwa kweevalve zokulungelelanisa kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo kwiimeko ezithile ezahlukeneyo, ukwenzela ukuba ikwazi ukuhambelana neemeko zokusebenza kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kakhulu.
02 Ibhokisi yokupakisha amanyathelo okuthintela ukuvuza
Isitywina sokupakisha esithambileyo sendabuko sifezekiswa ngoxinzelelo lwe-radial yoqhagamshelwano oluveliswe phakathi kwesiqu kunye nokupakisha kunye naphakathi kokupakisha kunye nodonga olusecaleni lwebhokisi lokupakisha ngoxinzelelo lwe-axial ye-gland yokupakisha. Ke ngoko, amandla e-axial yedlala kufuneka abe makhulu kakhulu, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwandeni kwetorque yokukhuhlana phakathi kokupakisha kunye nesiqu sevalvu, ukonyuka kokunxiba, kunye nokukhawuleza ukunxiba kokutywinwa okuthambileyo. Ke ngoko, ibholithi yegland kufuneka iqiniswe rhoqo okanye ukupakishwa kufuneka kutshintshwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe isiphumo esingcono sokutywinwa.
Isitywina esifanelekileyo sokupakisha kunye nokudibanisa ukupakisha ukupakisha kunokuphucula ukuthembeka kwevalve yokulawula kunye nokwandisa ubomi bayo benkonzo. Umzekelo, indibaniselwano yokupakishwa kweringi yegraphite eguquguqukayo ingcono kuneyokupakishwa kweringi yegraphite eguquguqukayo kuphela. Okwangoku, ukusetyenziswa komsesane we-graphite oguquguqukayo omnye kuninzi e-China. Kumazwe angaphandle, ukusetyenziswa flexible graphite ring ukupakisha indibaniselwano iye yathandwa kwaye iphumelele iziphumo ezilungileyo.
03 Ukuphelisa ukuvuza koqhagamshelo lomzimba wevalvu
Inxalenye yokudibanisa umzimba we-valve itywinwe, ngokwemiqathango yokutywinwa kwayo i-static seal, ekufuneka ihlangabezane nezi mfuno zilandelayo: iyakwazi ukulungelelanisa utshintsho olukhawulezayo lobushushu kunye noxinzelelo; Uqhawulo oluninzi ngaphandle kokonakalisa into yokutywina; Isakhiwo esilula, i-compact, ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi encinci; Ayinavakalelo kwi-vibration kunye nemithwalo yempembelelo; Inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zamajelo ohlukeneyo asebenzayo.
Inxalenye yoqhagamshelo lomzimba wevalvu idla ngokutywinwa nge-birch groove okanye i-concave kunye ne-convex flat gasket. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umsesane wokutywina u-"O" usetyenzisiwe. I-Zen groove uhlobo lwe-flat gasket seal, yi-gasket ecaba efakwe kwi-groove evaliweyo, esi sakhiwo kwindawo yokutywina, inokuvelisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokutywina, oludla ngokude ngaphaya komda wemveliso ye-gasket, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutywinwa okuthembekileyo. Ifanelekile kuxinzelelo oluphakathi kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lweevalvu ezinoxinzelelo olukhulu okanye olulingana ne-4.0MPa. Ukungalungi kwesi sakhiwo sokutywinwa kukuba xa ususa i-valve yokulawula, i-gasket inzima ukuyikhupha kwi-groove yokutywina. Ukuba isuswe ngokungqongqo, i-gasket iya kuhlala yonakala.
I-concave kunye ne-convex yohlobo lokutywinwa kwe-gasket ye-flat, yi-gasket emcaba efakwe kwi-concave kunye ne-convex ye-flange yokutywinwa komhlaba, xa kuthelekiswa ne-camphor groove uhlobo lwesakhiwo sokutywinwa se-flat gasket, inezi nzuzo zilandelayo: xa uqhaqha ivalve yokulungelelanisa, i-gasket kulula ukuyithatha. ngaphandle; Ngenxa yokuba i-groove yokutywina iyindlela yokuma inyathelo, ngoko ke ukusebenza kokucubungula kungcono.
Ngokweeparamitha zenkqubo kunye neempawu zolwelo, i-aluminium, ubhedu, i-1Cr18Ni9Ti kunye nebhodi ye-asbestos yerubha inokukhethwa njengesixhobo se-gasket esicaba. Iplastiki ye-fluorine nayo yinto esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukutywinwa kwe-gasket, kodwa ngenxa yokuhamba kwayo okubandayo, ukuba isakhiwo sokutywinwa asiyilwanga ngokufanelekileyo, siya kukhokelela kwimiphumo emibi.
"O" umsesane wokutywina, isakhiwo sayo esilula, ukuveliswa okufanelekileyo, nje ukuba idizayini yesakhiwo setywina ifanelekile, emva kokuba indibano inokuvelisa i-radial extrusion deformation eyaneleyo, inokufezekiswa ngaphandle kokulayishwa kwe-axial, ngoko ke, ukutywinwa koqhagamshelwano lweflange, kunokunciphisa ubungakanani. yesakhiwo seflange, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa ubunzima bommiselo wevalvu.
04 Amanyathelo okuthintela ukuvuza kwesikhondo sevalve
Isiqu se-valve siyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yevalve, isetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa, ukufezekisa ukutshintshwa kwevalve kunye nommiselo. Ngenxa yokuba i-valve isiqu kwinkqubo yokuvula kunye nokuvala i-valve ukuze isebenze njengendima yeendawo ezihambayo, iindawo zokunyanzelisa kunye namatywina, ngoko kufuneka ibe namandla athile kunye nokuqina ukuze ihlangabezane neemfuno zokuvula nokuvala ivalve, kwaye incedise ivalve idlale indima yayo yokulawula. Ngokubanzi, ukukhethwa kwezixhobo ze-stem kuya kusebenzisa enye into enganyangekiyo kwi-corrosion, ukupakisha kunye nezinye izinto, kwaye inkqubo yokusebenza ingcono. Kwaye ukuze kuphuculwe ngakumbi ukuxhathisa ukukhuhla kunye nokumelana nomhlwa kwesiqu sevalve, abasebenzi baya komeleza umphezulu wesiqu sevalve ukuthintela impembelelo kunye nokubola kwesiqu sevalve ngokuphakathi, ukuze ukuvuza kwesiqu sevalve. inokulawulwa ngempumelelo.
isiphelo
Ukuze kusonjululwe ngokupheleleyo ingxaki yokuvuza kwevalve elawulayo kwiyunithi yokusulungekisa, eyona nto iphambili yokuchasana kukuphucula ukuchongwa koyilo lwevalvu elawulayo, kwaye emva koko ulawule isenzeko sokuvuza kwenxalenye nganye yevalve elawulayo. Kuphela ngale ndlela sinokuyicombulula ngokufanelekileyo kwaye silawule ingxaki yokuvuza kwe-valve yokulawula, ukuthintela ukuvuza kwe-medium, kunye nokufezekisa injongo yokuphucula izinga lokusetyenziswa kwe-medium.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-02-2022
