Ukugcinwa kwexesha elide kunye neemfuno zokuhlanganisa iivalvu

Ukugcinwa kwexesha elide kunye neemfuno zokuhlanganisa iivalvu

I-valve yokumelana ne-coefficient ¦Æ ixhomekeke kubungakanani, ulwakhiwo kunye nokumila komngxuma wemveliso yevalvu. Icandelo ngalinye kwisigxina somzimba we-valve sinokucingelwa njengenkqubo yamacandelo avelisa ukuchasana (ukuguquka kwamanzi, ukwandisa, izivumelwano, ukujika kwakhona, njl.). Ngoko ke, ilahleko yoxinzelelo kwi-valve iphantse ilingane nenani lokulahleka koxinzelelo lwecandelo ngalinye le-valve. Kufuneka kucaciswe ukuba ukutshintshwa kokuchasana kwecandelo elinye kwinkqubo kuya kubangela ukuguqulwa okanye ukwabiwa kwakhona kokuchasana kwinkqubo yonke, oko kukuthi, ukuhamba okuphakathi kuchaphazela ngokufanayo icandelo ngalinye lombhobho.
Xa i-fluid idlula kwi-valve, ilahleko yayo yokumelana nolwelo imelwe yi-fluid pressure drop ¡÷P ngaphambi nangemva kwevalve.
Ngolwelo oluphithizelayo:
Apho ¡÷P - ilahleko yoxinzelelo lwevalve phantsi kovavanyo (MPa)
¦Æ — i-valve yokumelana nokuhamba;
P — Uxinzelelo lolwelo (kg/mm)
U — Umndilili wesantya sokuhamba kolwelo kumbhobho (mm/s)
Ukuxhathisa ulwelo lwamalungu evalvu
I-valve yokumelana ne-coefficient ¦Æ ixhomekeke kubungakanani, ulwakhiwo kunye nokumila komngxuma wemveliso yevalvu. Icandelo ngalinye kwisigxina somzimba we-valve sinokucingelwa njengenkqubo yamacandelo avelisa ukuchasana (ukuguquka kwamanzi, ukwandisa, izivumelwano, ukujika kwakhona, njl.). Ke ilahleko yoxinzelelo kwivalvu iphantse ilingane nenani lokulahleka koxinzelelo lwecandelo ngalinye levalve, oko kukuthi:
Kwifomula, i-coefficient yokuchasana yamacandelo e-valve enezinga elifanayo lokuhamba okuphakathi kumbhobho.
Kufuneka kucaciswe ukuba utshintsho ekuchaseni into enye kwinkqubo ibangela ukuba utshintsho okanye ukusabalalisa kwakhona ukuchasana kwinkqubo yonke, oko kukuthi, ukuhamba okuphakathi kuchaphazela icandelo lombhobho ngamnye ngokufanayo. Ukuze kuhlolwe impembelelo yamacandelo ahlukeneyo ekuxhathiseni i-valve, idatha yokuxhathisa yamacandelo athile aqhelekileyo asetyenziswayo. Ezi datha zibonisa ubudlelwane phakathi kobume kunye nobukhulu bezakhi zevalvu kunye nokumelana nolwelo.
(1) Ukwandiswa ngequbuliso
Njengoko kuboniswe kuMzobo 1-12, ukwanda ngokukhawuleza kubangela ukulahlekelwa kwengcinezelo enkulu. Ngeli nqanaba, inxalenye yesantya solwelo isetyenziselwa ukubunjwa kwe-eddy, ukuxutywa kwamanzi kunye nokufudumeza. Ubudlelwane obusondeleyo phakathi kwe-coefficient yokuchasana kwendawo kunye nomlinganiselo we-cross-sectional area A1 ngaphambi kokwandiswa kunye ne-A2 emva kokwandiswa kunokubonakaliswa ngokulinganisa (1-9) kunye (1-10). I-coefficient yotsalo ibonisiwe kwitheyibhile
Umzobo 1-12 Ukwandiswa ngokukhawuleza
(1-9)
(1-10)
Chwetheza kwi%
¦Æ — i-coefficient yokumelana nesantya esiphakathi kumbhobho owandisiweyo;
¦Æ - Tsala i-coefficient kwi-velocity ephakathi kwi-tube ngaphambi kokwandiswa.
Itheyibhile 1-32 ¦Æ amaxabiso e-coefficient yokutsala ngexesha lokwandiswa kwesiquphe
(2) Ukwandisa ngokuthe ngcembe Njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Figure 1-13, xa ¦È 40¡ã, i-coefficient yokumelana ne-tube yokwandisa ngokuthe ngcembe incinci kune-tube yokwandisa ngokukhawuleza, kodwa xa ¦È=50¡ã -90 ¡ã , i-coefficient yokumelana kwandisa i-15% -20%. Ulwandiso olungcono ngokuthe ngcembe ¦È: ityhubhu ejikelezayo ¦È=5¡ã ~6¡ã30′; Ityhubhu yesikwere ¦È =7¡ã~8¡ã; I-coefficient yokumelana yendawo yetyhubhu yoxande ¦È= 10¡ã -12 ¡ã ingabalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
(1-11)
¦Æ — i-coefficient, njengoko kubonisiwe kwiTheyibhuli 1-33;
¦Ëm - umndilili wokumelana nomlinganiso ecaleni kwendlela,
¦Ë1¦Ë2 — zii-coefficients zotsalo ezihambelana netyhubhu ezincinci nezinkulu ngokulandelelanayo.
Umzobo 1-13 uyanda ngokuthe ngcembe
Uluhlu 1-33 ¦Æ amaxabiso
(3) Ukuncipha ngokukhawuleza kuboniswe kuMzobo 1-14. I-coefficient yokuchasana kwendawo ye-shrinkage ngokukhawuleza iboniswe kwiThebhile 1-34. ¦Æ ingabalwa ngale fomula yovavanyo ilandelayo:
(1-12)
Umfanekiso 1-14 sondeza ngaphandle
(4) Ukunciphisa ngokuthe ngcembe Njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Figure 1-15, ilahleko yoxinzelelo eyenziwa ngokuthe ngcembe iyancipha, kwaye i-coefficient yokuchasana yendawo ibalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
(1-13)
¦Î C — i-coefficient, njengoko kubonisiwe kwiThebhile 11-35;
¦Å — i-coefficient, jonga iTheyibhile 1-36
¦Æ amaxabiso angafunyanwa ngokuthe ngqo kuMfanekiso 1-16.
Umzobo 1-15 uyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe
Itheyibhile 11-34 ¦Æ amaxabiso ancitshiswe ngesiquphe i-coefficients yotsalo lwasekhaya
Ukugcinwa kwexesha elide kunye neemfuno zokuhlanganisa iivalvu
I-Valve yinxalenye yolawulo lwenkqubo yokuhambisa umbane, kunye nokunqunyulwa, ukulungiswa, ukuguqulwa, ukuthintela i-countercurrent, i-pressure regulator, i-shunt okanye i-overflow relief relief kunye neminye imisebenzi. Iivalvu zeenkqubo zokulawula ulwelo, ukusuka kwezona zilula zeglowubhu ukuya kwiinkqubo zolawulo ezizenzekelayo ezintsonkothileyo ezisetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lweevalvu kunye neenkcukacha. Iivalvu zingasetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba komoya, amanzi, umphunga, imithombo yeendaba eyonakalisayo, udaka, i-oyile, isinyithi esilulwelo kunye nemidiya ye-radioactive kunye nezinye iintlobo zolwelo. Ngoko, ekusebenziseni ixesha elide lenkqubo yevalve kufuneka ibe yindlela yokugcina?
1. Musa ukusebenzisa iilever ezide okanye amavili xa uvala okanye uvula ivalve.
2. Iintambo ze-Stem zihlala zixuba kunye ne-stem nut, kufuneka zibe kwi-screw ukuze kugcinwe inani elithile leoli, i-lubrication, ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba ngokukhululekile kwesiqu, ukuguquguquka nokulungileyo. Ukuhanjiswa koomatshini bevalve, ukuya kwangexesha kwizongezo zebhokisi yegiya, ukuthintela ukuluma.
3. Vula ivalve ixesha elide, indawo yokutywina inokuthi ibambelele ngokungcola; Xa uvala, i-valve inokuthi ivalwe ngobumnene kuqala, kwaye ivule kancinci, ukwenzela ukuba ukungcola kuhlanjwe ngokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwe-medium, kwaye iphinde ivalwe.
4. Ivalve efakwe ngaphandle kufuneka ikhuselwe ngomkhono okhuselayo kwisiqu sevalvu ukuthintela imvula, ikhephu, uthuli kunye nomhlwa.
5. Ivalve kufuneka icocwe kwaye ijongwe rhoqo ukugcina iindawo zevalve zicocekile kwaye ziphelele. Musa ukubeka izinto ezinzima kwivalve kwaye ungami kwivalve.
6. Ngaphambi kokuvula i-valve ye-steam, susa amanzi adibeneyo kwisistim, kwaye ngokukhawuleza uvule i-valve ukuze ugweme impembelelo yamanzi e-soda; Xa ivalve ivuleke ngokupheleleyo, jikisa ivili lesandla umva kancinci.
7. Ivalve esecaleni kufuneka ibekwe kwindawo eyomileyo ngaphakathi, kwaye i-interface kufuneka itywinwe ngebhodi yephepha le-wax okanye iplagi ukuphepha ukungena kokungcola.
Iimfuno zendibano yevalve
Iindawo ezicociweyo kufuneka zitywinwe ukuze kufakwe. Iimfuno zenkqubo yofakelo zezi zilandelayo:
1. Indawo yokusebenzela yokufakela mayicoceke, okanye imisele iindawo ezicocekileyo zethutyana, ezifana nelaphu elisanda kuthengwa lombala okanye ifilimu yeplastiki, ukuthintela uthuli ukuba lungangeni ngexesha lofakelo.
I-2, abasebenzi bendibano kufuneka banxibe iimpahla zomqhaphu ezicocekileyo zomsebenzi, banxibe ikepusi yomqhaphu esulungekileyo, iinwele azikwazi ukuvuza, iinyawo zinxibe izihlangu ezicocekileyo, izandla zinxibe iiglavu zeplastiki, zithomalalisa,.
3. Izixhobo zeNdibano kufuneka zicocwe kwaye zicocwe phambi kokudibanisa ukuqinisekisa ukucoceka.